§  Waste market analysis:

The dream of every organization and municipality is to recycle all of its waste into usable products, thereby completing the cycle of nature. Science teaches us that the matter and energy are not destroyed they merely changes state. Waste contains significant amounts of valuable resources that were once used to produce products. Those products have lived their useful lives and have become waste, but they still contain the same matter end energy that went into their making. ACTI Gasification System recovers this energy from residual solid waste to produce gas, and thereby productively manages the cycle of nature.

§  The gasification history:

Thermal oxidation commonly as known “gasification” dates back nearly three hundred years. It was mostly used throughout England, France and Germany to create liquid fuels from solid carbon based materials such as coal. Gasification was the most viable method to create liquid fuels before petroleum fuels became more readily accessible.

Despite inadequacies in environmental sustainability and financial impracticality, enormous subsidies and grants from global environmental programs have allowed inferior gasification technologies to develop into large scale test plant. Even with financial subsidies, these programs have been incapable of evolving their technologies beyond environmental and financial impracticality into industrial viability.

Below processes used to convert waste and solid residues:

Gasification and pirolysis – Gasification and pyrolysis are similar processes; both decompose organic waste by exposing it to high temperatures. Both processes limit the amount of Oxygen present during decomposition; gasification allows a small amount of Oxygen, pyrolysis allows none. In other words, gasification and pyrolysis limit or prevent oxidation.

Municipal solid waste (MSW) – Recycling – MSW is segregated as recyclable and non-recyclable waste. The latter is than fed into the landfill. The wastes are also segregated into wood products, glass, metal and plastics which can be sold in the market. With the use of a gasifier, the segregation process can be eliminated.

A number of companies offer technologies to sort the waste. The objective is to recover as much paper, cardboard, metal, plastics, and other recyclable products from the waste as possible.

ACTI Gasification System cannot handle raw municipal waste materials and require sorting and/or triturating system on front end of the facility. The purpose of the front end processing is to prepare the waste to feed the system.

Gasification is different from pyrolysis. In the gasification process the thermal decomposition takes place in the absence or a limited amount of Oxygen (anaerobic) which creates temperatures high enough to disintegrate the feed thus releasing gas. At this gas generated artificially, it is called synthetic gas (syngas). This gas has an excellent heating value and can be used in either boilers or cleaned up and used in combustion gas turbine-generators.

The gasification process either batch feed or continuous feed takes approximately 30 minutes whereby the gas is then stored in a reservoir. The synthetic gas (syngas) is clean and void of any unwanted substances. The amount of 600 tons/day of MSW produces enough gas (syngas) to generate 2.4 MW of electricity and 6MW of thermal energy.

Organic waste decomposition – Disposal of organic waste has always posed a problem for the waste industry. Organic waste varies from farm animal waste, agriculture waste and food waste. When these wastes are subject to anaerobic fermentation, a gas mixture with methane and carbon dioxide (bio-gas) is obtained. The bio-gas produced from manure contains approximately 60-65% methane and 35% carbon dioxide a calorific value 17-22 MJ/Nm³. Bio-gas is corrosive to most engines; however the Sambrasuper technology used provides for an economic and efficient organic waste gasification and power generation plant.

Landfill gas converted to energy – Landfill gas (methane) created during the decomposition process of natural substances, has an unlike odor, however, has proven to be very useful. Methane can be efficiently utilized to produce energy in gas turbines or Otto cycle engines as it has a high calorific value of approximately 18 MJ/Nm³. This gas when used in the gas turbines-generators economically produces very efficient energy.